Predicting fatigue transverse crack growth in cross-ply carbon-epoxy laminates from quasi static strength tests by using iso-damage curves

Abstract

Cross-ply laminates made of carbon/epoxy IM7/977-2 system are investigated. The fatigue study is confined to ambient temperature conditions and zero loading ratio. Damage is characterized by the transverse crack density ρ in the central 90°-layer. The family of experimental fatigue cracking curves (ρ versus N, where N is the number of cycles, for each tensile test maximum stress amplitude) can be replaced with a set of "iso-damage curves", i.e. contour curves of constant ρ in the σ-log (N) plane. The iso-damage curves approximately constitute a fan of straight lines that intersect at a common point (σe, log (Ns)), where Ns is a very large number of cycles beyond which no more crack appears, and σe is some fatigue limit. Our aim is to propose a simple method to predict fatigue cracking at an arbitrary maximum stress level loading by using data stemming from a constant strain rate test. This method essentially rests upon the construction of the above "iso-damage" curves, using very simple assumptions. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.