Tiếp cận sinh thái cảnh quan để bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học ở Vườn Quốc gia Ba Bể

Abstract

In 1992, Ba Be National Park was established as one of the 8 national parks of Viet Nam, with total acreage of 10,048 hectares. The most dominant feature of the park is Ba Be Lake, which is surrounded by extensive forest on Limestone Mountains and home to several endemic fish species. The lake is the largest natural mountainous freshwater wetland in Vietnam, which is about 240km from Ha Noi. The park is rich and diverse in flora and fauna. Over 553 vertebrate species and 1281 vascular plant species were recorded in Bad Be. The park supports a large resident population of Tay, Mongo, and Dao ethnics. Unsustainable resource use practices pose the greatest threat to long-term biodiversity conservation in Ba Be. Ba Be National Park applies a PARC Project supported landscape ecology approach to integrate the need of economic development and resource conservation within the entire landscape. By using landscape ecology, planning goes beyond the boundaries of Ba Be National Park. Landscape ecology applied in the park for biodiversity conservation including: - Defining landscape ecology; - Conservation planning at the landscape level with five-tier planning process; - Approach for conservation in human dominated landscape; - Decentralization in conservation among different sectors within the National Park area. For that, activities carried out in the case of Ba Be National Park are: Building conservation strategy; establishing financial support for conservation action; operation planning for effective protection and community participation; and co - management of landscape units, identifying conservation hot spot. Lesson learnt has shown that managing National Park or Protected areas alone without linkages and derived benefit sharing with the local communities is an unworkable approach.