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Abstract:
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Since the explosion of human population growth, the relationship between human and their utilization of natural resources has become more serious than ever. In the eighteenth century of industrial revolution with the existence of machines the comparative advantages of natural resources and technologies emerged. Until now, this process has strongly developed, resulting in degradation of natural resources and environmental pollution.
“Sustainable development “concept was originated from environmental movements as early as of the 1970s. The Rio - 1992 Eath Summit on the Environment and Development and the Johannesburg - 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development together indicate that sustainable development is a balance of three pillars of economic and social development, and environmental protection.
Approaches to sustainable development can be employed in various ways, such as “Resources Economics and environment” in order to address the economic impact on the environment, “Economics of under-developed areas” to overcome short-term difficulties and narrow the gaps in development, and “The view point of knowledge-based economy” to enhance the knowledge base in different components of sustainable development.
Examining issues of sustainable development in relation to ethnic communities provides us insights into these communities’ behaviors toward the nature as well as their exploitation of natural resources and environmental protection patterns. Based on that, solutions which are appropriate for each region, area and community could be worked out. |